03 Ara 2024 Salı
In ovo and in vitro toxicity of Thiram, a common broad spectrum fungicide in agriculture
Abstract :At the recent years, thiram, a dithiocarbamate compound is used as a fungicide to protect crops against a wide variety of plant pathogens. In this work, Chicken embryos were studied for the screening of skeletal malformation caused after application of thiram. On the other hand, the toxicity of thiram to chicken liver cells culture was determined. The compound was dissolved in acetone, then a volume of 50 µl of different doses of it was injected into the yolk sac after 72 hours of incubation and the embryos were harvested after 19 day of incubation. The results showed that exposure of the embryos to thiram increased mortality with a LD50 value of 3.5 µg/egg and malformations including clubfoot and unossified caudal vertebrae. No significant difference was observed in wet weight of the embryos. Thiram also exhibited the cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects against liver cells with an IC50 value of 5.2 µg/ml. The present study proposes that thiram can affect the growth and ossification of the chicken embryos, which are developed outside the mother
Embryotoxicity, thiram, malformation, cytotoxicity, dithiocarbamate, Chicken embryos