25 Haz 2025 Çarşamba
Exploring dung beetle diversity in the ecotone of Eastern Terai, Valmiki Tiger Reserve, Bihar, India
Abstract : The dung beetle fauna of the Valmiki Tiger Reserve (VTR) and National Park in the state of Bihar, India, was surveyed to document the diversity of this group. The landscape of VTR acts as an ecotone region where two different types of ecosystems meet: the lower Shivalik hills and the flood plains of the Gandak river. Consequently, the species present here generally represent both of these overlapping landscapes. Seventy-two species within 18 genera, belonging to seven tribes, were collected using dung from different animals (cow, one-horned rhinoceros, elephant, gaur, spotted deer, sambar, nilgai, and human) as bait. A total of 49 species were recorded for the first time in the state of Bihar. Detailed illustrations for each species are provided to serve as a field guide for the identification of Scarabaeoid beetles in the area. Since present study was conducted in a highly protected tiger reserve, it provides an essential record of the dung beetle fauna and establishes the first benchmark data to monitor populations. This information will assist with conservation efforts and preparation of a management plan in the face of continued threats from humans, including climate crisis.