04 Haz 2025 Çarşamba
Effects of seasonal variation on hematological parameters of Indian Major Carps
Abstract : The hematological parameters of Indian Major Carps (IMCs) such as Catla (Catla catla), Rohu (Labeo rohita) and Mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala) are significantly affected by seasonal changes in environment. Seasonally escorted changes may influence their overall health, growth and survival. Environmental fluctuations such as temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), nutrient levels, turbidity and sediment load affect hematological indices of IMCs. Vital parameters such as hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC) counts, platelet count (PLT), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) are sensitive to seasonal stressors, and may be impacted with changes in surrounding environment. The important biomarkers such as alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), sodium hydroxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) have been discussed in relation to the alterations induced by seasonal changes. Moreover, the review also explores effect of high temperature-induced thermal stress, photoperiod variations and hypoxia (low blood oxygen level) on the hematological profiles of IMCs. The influence of fish aging and seasonal erythropoiesis disparities are also taken into the consideration. Advance technological aspects such as integration of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and other modern technologies are being utilized to explore hematological analysis and disease diagnostics in aquaculture practices. This review article provides an overview of physiological adaptability of IMCs to seasonal changes and emphasizes on developing advanced monitoring methods to ensure their health and aquaculture sustainability.