03 Ara 2024 Salı
Biological relations of predator Chilocorus renipustulatus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) with Unaspis euonymi (Comstock) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) and release to the nature
Abstract :In this study, some biological characteristics of Chilocorus renipustulatus Scriba (C. kuwanae Silvestri) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) feeding on Unaspis euonymi (Comstock) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), which is an important Euonymus pest in Turkey, were examined and information about the results of release of this predator into the nature was provided. The studies were carried out in a climate room with 26+1 ⁰C, 60%+10 relative humidity, 16L/8D hours lighting regime. It was determined that the C. renipustulatus adults generally laid their eggs one by one under female scale of U. euonymi, an average of 19.7± 12.6 eggs per day. 57.4% of the eggs were hatched on the 6th day, and the hatching rate was 46.30%. In case the predator larvae fed only on pre-adult male individuals of their prey, they completed four larval stages within 14.97±1 days and the pupa stage within 8.18±0.35 days. In the case of male and female scale insect preys were present, the development of larvae stages lasted within 20.09±1 days, and the pupal period took 8.67±0.9 days. Adult females and males of C. renipustulatus lived an average of 51.25±13.79 days and 62.2±18.44 days, respectively. C. renipustulatus population consisted of 38.35% male and 61.64% female individuals. The predator preferred to prey on pre-adult male stages of U. euonymi and consumed daily with an average of 87.9±15.19 pre- adult males and 14.4 ±0.79 females, respectively. The first instar larvae of C. renipustulatus were the most sensitive to starvation (1.4± 0.16 days) and the larvae of the fourth instar withstand starvation for 4.3±0.15 days. When the adults and larvae of C. renipustulatus were released into the areas infested with U. euonymi. nature, no predator adults were found in the examinations made 7, 15 and 30 days after the release, and Aprostocetus neglectus and Homalotylus flaminius parasitized the majority of the predator larvae and pupae. The presence of predators in the released areas was investigated in between 2012-2021 and no predators were found It is thought that this situation was due to the negative effects of climate and native natural enemies on the predator.
Chilocorus kuwanae, releasing, Euonymus japonica, biological control, biology, starvation time, consumption capacity